Ayikho indlela ebambekayo yokunciphisa izinga lokushisa emhlabeni wonke liye ku-1.5 °C ngaphandle kweChina1 NgoSepthemba 2020, uMongameli uXi Jinping wamemezela ukuthi iChina "izohlose ukuba nenani eliphakeme lokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngaphambi kuka-2030 futhi izuze ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngaphambi kuka-2060".Umenyezelwe eminyakeni engama-40 ngemuva kokuba izwe laqala uhambo lwalo olumangalisayo lokuthuthukisa umnotho, lo mbono omusha wekusasa laseShayina uza phakathi nokuhlangana okukhulayo phakathi kweminotho emikhulu yomhlaba ngesidingo sokufinyelela ku-zero engqungqutheleni emhlabeni wonke maphakathi nekhulunyaka.Kodwa asikho isithembiso esibaluleke njengesaseShayina: izwe liwumthengi omkhulu wamandla emhlabeni wonke kanye ne-carbon emitter, libalwa ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele.Ijubane lokunciphisa i-carbon dioxide emashumini eminyaka ezayo lizobaluleka ekunqumeni ukuthi umhlaba uyaphumelela yini ukuvimbela ukufudumala kwembulunga ukuba kudlule ku-1.5 °C.

Umkhakha wezamandla ungumthombo cishe wama-90% wesisi esingcolisa umoya saseShayina, ngakho izinqubomgomo zamandla kumele ziqhubekisele phambili ukuguqukela kokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.Lo mhlahlandlela uphendula isimemo sikahulumeni waseShayina ku-IEA sokubambisana ngamasu esikhathi eside ngokubeka izindlela zokufinyelela ekungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni emkhakheni wezamandla waseShayina.Iphinde ikhombise ukuthi ukuzuza ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kuhambisana nezinjongo zentuthuko ebanzi zaseShayina, njengokwanda kokuchuma, ukuqinisa ubuholi bezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuguqukela ekukhuleni okuqhutshwa ukusungula izinto ezintsha.Indlela yokuqala kulo Mhlahlandlela - ISimo Sezithembiso Esimenyezelwe (i-APS) - sibonisa izinhloso ezithuthukisiwe zase-China eyamenyezelwa ngo-2020 lapho ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kufinyelela inani eliphakeme ngaphambi kuka-2030 kanye ne-net zero ngo-2060. I-Roadmap iphinda ihlole amathuba okushesha nakakhulu uguquko kanye nezinzuzo zenhlalonhle-yomnotho engaziletha e-China ngale kwalezo ezihambisana nokunciphisa umthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu: i-Accelerated Transition Scenario (ATS).

Umkhakha wezamandla waseShayina ukhombisa amashumi eminyaka emizamo yokukhipha amakhulu ezigidi zabantu ebuphofini kuyilapho uphishekela ezinye izinjongo zenqubomgomo yezamandla.Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphindeke kabili kusukela ngo-2005, kodwa ukuqina kwamandla omkhiqizo wasekhaya (GDP) kwehle kakhulu ngesikhathi esifanayo.Amalahle enza ngaphezu kwama-60% okukhiqizwa kukagesi - futhi izizinda zokuphehla amandla amalahle ezintsha ziyaqhubeka nokwakhiwa - kodwa ukwengezwa kwamandla e-solar photovoltaics (PV) kudlule okwanoma yiliphi elinye izwe.I-China ingeyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni esebenzisa uwoyela, kodwa futhi iyikhaya ku-70% wamandla okukhiqiza amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke, kanti isifundazwe sase-Jiangsu sisodwa sithatha ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamandla ezwe.Iminikelo yaseShayina kubuchwepheshe bekhabhoni ephansi, ikakhulukazi i-solar PV, yayiqhutshwa kakhulu izinhlelo zikahulumeni ezikhulayo zeminyaka emihlanu, okuholela ekwehlisweni kwezindleko okushintshe indlela umhlaba ocabanga ngayo ngekusasa lamandla ahlanzekile.Uma umhlaba uzohlangabezana nezinhloso zawo zesimo sezulu, khona-ke inqubekelaphambili efanayo yamandla ahlanzekile iyadingeka - kodwa ngezinga elikhulu nakuyo yonke imikhakha.Isibonelo, iShayina ikhiqiza ngaphezu kwengxenye yensimbi nosimende emhlabeni, kanti isifundazwe sase-Hebei sisodwa esibalele u-13% wokukhiqizwa kwensimbi emhlabeni wonke ngo-2020. Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okuvela emikhakheni yensimbi nosimende e-China kuphela kuphezulu kunokukhishwa kwengqikithi ye-CO2 ye-European Union.

Inkomba:https://www.iea.org/reports/an-energy-sector-roadmap-to-carbon-neutrality-in-china/executive-summary

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Embonini ye-ceramics, siphishekela amandla ahlanzekile ukuze umhlaba uzuze izinjongo zesimo sezulu.
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